Places & government
- City vs county
- City vs town
- Democracy vs republic
- Early in-person voting vs absentee voting
- Electoral College vs popular vote
- England vs Great Britain vs United Kingdom
- Federal agency vs Cabinet department
- Holland vs Netherlands
- Initiative vs referendum
- Ireland vs Northern Ireland
- Majority vs plurality
- Nation vs state
- Primary election vs general election
- Primary election vs runoff election
- Primary vs caucus
- Redistricting vs gerrymandering
- US House of Representatives vs US Senate
- US state vs US territory